Wellness Misinformation on Social Media: A Systematic Review Using Social Cognitive Theory

This systematic review examines how wellness misinformation spreads on social media and identifies counter-strategies through the lens of social cognitive theory (SCT). Analyzing 39 studies from 2019–2024, it highlights key SCT themes – observational learning, self-efficacy, and self-regulation – as central to user behavior. Influencers and algorithm-driven content amplify unverified health claims, especially on platforms like TikTok and Twitter. Effective countermeasures include media literacy, transparent influencer disclosures, algorithmic reforms, and SCT-informed educational interventions to enhance digital health resilience.