New sources of inaccuracy? A conceptual framework for studying AI hallucinations

In February 2025, Google’s AI Overview fooled itself and its users when it cited an April Fool’s satire about “microscopic bees powering computers” as factual in search results (Kidman, 2025). Google did not intend to mislead, yet the system produced a confident falsehood. Such cases mark a shift from misinformation caused by human mistakes to